Illustrated Encyclopedia of Human Anatomic Variation: Opus II: Cardiovascular System
Ronald A. Bergman, PhD
Adel K. Afifi, MD, MS
Ryosuke Miyauchi, MD
Peer Review Status: Internally Peer Reviewed
CT sections of aorta (Ao) and inferior vena cava (IVC) and left renal vein in variations of inferior vena cava and left renal vein. In transposition abd duplication of inferior vena cava. The venous component may pass either anterior or posterior (dashed lines) to aorta at level of renal veins.
from Royal and Callen.
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