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Anatomy Atlases: Atlas of Human Anatomy in Cross Section: Section 1. Head and Neck

Atlas of Human Anatomy in Cross Section: Section 1. Head and Neck

Plate 1.27

Ronald A. Bergman, Ph.D., Adel K. Afifi, M.D., Jean J. Jew, M.D., and Paul C. Reimann, B.S.
Peer Review Status: Externally Peer Reviewed

Plate 1.27

Upper Left Quadrant

Lower Left Quadrant

Lower Right Quadrant

Upper Right Quadrant

1. Lingual septum
2. Orbicularis oris m.
3. Mandible
4. Mylohyoid m.
5. Parotid duct
6. Submandibular gland

7. Tongue, root
8. Stylohyoid m. and ligament
9. Greater horn of hyoid and vallecula
10. External carotid a.
11. Internal carotid a.
12. Third cervical nerve
13. Internal jugular v.
14. Middle constrictor m.
15. Longus colli m.
16. Vertebra, third cervical transverse process
17. Vertebral a.
18. Longissimus capitis m.
19. Vertebra, third cervical body
20. Semispinalis capitis m.
21. Splenius capitis m.
22. Subarachnoid space
23. Fibrocartilaginous disk C1
24. Spinal cord, dorsal columns
25. Ligamentum nuchae
26. Semispinalis cervicis and multifidus mm .

27. Vertebra, third cervical lamina
28. Trapezius m.
29. Vertebral a.
30. Longus colli m.
31. Deep cervical v.
32. Pharyngeal raphe and oral pharynx
33. Superior constrictor m.
34. Longissimus capitis m.
35. Vagus nerve
36. Superior laryngeal nerve
37. Internal jugular v.
38. Hypoglossal nerve
39. Sternocleidomastoid m.
40. Stylohyoid m. and ligament
41. Glossopharyngeus nerve
42. Stylopharyngeus m.
43. Facial nerve
44. Greater auricular nerve
45. Maxillary a.
46. Parotid gland
47. Styloglossus m.
48. Temporalis m.
49. Mandible
50. Lingual nerve, mandibular division of trigeminal nerve

51. Masseter m.
52. Inferior alveolar nerve and a.
53. Buccal fat pad
54. Angular v.
55. Buccinator m.
56. Gingiva, maxillary
57. Transverse linguae m.
58. Naris
59. Oral cavity

This section passes through the inferior edge of the nose (58), the tongue (57), mandible (3, 49), oral pharynx (32), first cervical disk (23), third cervical vertebral body (19), lamina (27), and transverse process (16).

The section cuts the inferior alveolar (CN 5) (52), lingual (CN 5) (50), greater auricular (44), facial (CN 7) (43), glossopharyngeal (CN 9) (41), hypoglossal (CN 12) (38), superior laryngeal (CN 10) (36), vagus (CN 10) (35), and third cervical (12) nerves.

The transverse linguae muscle (57) is well seen in this section. Also note the cervical enlargement of the spinal cord (24).

Two of the three pharyngeal constrictor muscles can be recognized in this section: rhe superior constrictor muscle (33) and the edge of the overlapping middle constrictor muscle (14). The middle constrictor arises, in part, from the stylohyoid ligament (8,40) and inserts into the connective tissue pharyngeal raphe (32) in the middle of the posterior wall of the pharynx.

The first cervical intervertebral disk (23) occurs between the axis and the third cervical vertebra. No disk is found between the atlas and axis.

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