Anatomy Atlases: Atlas of Human Anatomy in Cross Section 6: Pelvis, Perineum, Hip, and Upper Thigh

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Atlas of Human Anatomy in Cross Section: Section 6. Pelvis, Perineum, Hip, and Upper Thigh

Plate 6.9

Ronald A. Bergman, Ph.D., Adel K. Afifi, M.D., Jean J. Jew, M.D., and Paul C. Reimann, B.S.
Peer Review Status: Externally Peer Reviewed

Upper Left Quadrant	Lower Left Quadrant	Lower Right Quadrant	Upper Right Quadrant
1. Linea alba 2. Rectus (abdominis) sheath 3. Spermatic cord 4. Internal abdominal oblique m. 5. Superficial epigastric a. 6. External iliac Iymph node 7. Genitofemoral nerve brs. 8. Iliopsoas m. and femoral nerve 9. Iliopectineal bursa 10. Os ilium 11. Straight and reflected tendons m. rectus femoris 12. Tensor fascia lata m. 13. Iliofemoral ligament 14. Femoral head	15. Ligamentum teres femoris 16. Acetabulum 17. Tendon m. gluteus medius 18. Tendon m. piriformis 19. Obturator nerve and blood vessels 20. Obturator fascia 21. Obturator internus m. 22. Lumbosacral nerve trunk 23. Internal pudendal a. and v. 24. Inferior gluteal a. and v. 25. Vesical plexus of w. 26. Pelvic fascia 27. Vas deferens 28. Urinary bladder 29. Rectum 30. Superior rectal a. and v.	31. Vertebra, S5 32. Retrovesical pouch 33. Sacral horn (cornu) and lateral sacral process 34. Vas deferens 35. Middle rectal a. and v. 36. Second sacral nerve 37. Inferior vesical a. and pudendal nerve 38. First sacral nerve 39. Inferior gluteal a. and v. 40. Lumbosacral nerve trunk 41. Piriformis m. 42. Obturator nerve 43. Gluteus maximus m. 44. Superficial fascia (panniculus adiposus) 45. Intermuscular fat 46. Superior gluteal a. and v. 47. Gluteus minimus m.	48. Femoral head 49. Iliofemoral ligament 50. Gluteus medius m. 51. Lateral (femoral) cutaneous nerve (of thigh) 52. Tendon m. rectus femoris 53. Sartorius m. 54. Iliopsoas m. 55. External iliac a. and v. and femoral nerve 56. Inguinal ligament (Poupart) 57. Peritoneum and spermatic cord 58. Internal abdominal oblique m. 59. Superficial epigastric a. and v. 60. Inferior epigastric a. and v. 61. Rectus (abdominis) sheath 62. Rectus abdominis m. 63. Abdominal cavity 64. Pyramidalis m.

This section is at the level of the fifth sacral vertebra (31) slightly above the fifth anterior pair of sacral foramina. The cut passes through the upper portion of the acetabulum (16) and the upper part of the head of the femur (14, 48).

The external iliac artery (55) will pass beneath the inguinal ligament in this section to become the femoral artery in the next cut.

Note the vesical plexus of veins (25) surrounding the bladder. These veins communicate with the prostatic plexus of veins, which will be seen in subsequent sections.

The tendons of origin of the rectus femoris muscle (11) are seen: the "straight" tendon is attached to the anterior inferior iliac spine, and the posterior "reflected" tendon is attached to the posterior superior surface of the acetabulum. The two tendons unite to form an arch over the acetabulum.

The spermatic cords (3, 57) are well defined on both the right and left sides in this section. The vas deferens (27, 34) can be seen between the urinary bladder (28) and the ampulla of the rectum (29). Both ureters are intramural and cannot be seen in this cut.

The iliopectineal bursa (9) is identified.

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