Atlas of Human Anatomy in Cross Section: Appendix: Topography of the Thorax and Abdomen
Ronald A. Bergman, Ph.D., Adel K. Afifi, M.D., Jean J. Jew, M.D., and Paul
C. Reimann, B.S.
Peer Review Status: Externally Peer Reviewed
Level
The position of the umbilicus varies from the third lumbar disk to the middle third of the fifth lumbar vertebra, with the average position being at the level of the lower third of the fourth lumbar vertebra, according to Eycleshymer and Schoemaker. Corning and Morris place the umbilicus at the level of the third lumbar disk, whereas Cunningham places it at the level of the middle of the fourth lumbar vertebra. The present study finds it at the upper third of the fourth lumbar vertebra.
Next Page | Previous Page | Title Page
Please send us comments by filling out our Comment Form.
All contents copyright © 1995-2024 the Author(s) and Michael P. D'Alessandro, M.D. All rights reserved.
"Anatomy Atlases", the Anatomy Atlases logo, and "A digital library of anatomy information" are all Trademarks of Michael P. D'Alessandro, M.D.
Anatomy Atlases is funded in whole by Michael P. D'Alessandro, M.D. Advertising is not accepted.
Your personal information remains confidential and is not sold, leased, or given to any third party be they reliable or not.
The information contained in Anatomy Atlases is not a substitute for the medical care and advice of your physician. There may be variations in treatment that your physician may recommend based on individual facts and circumstances.
URL: http://www.anatomyatlases.org/