Atlas of Human Anatomy in Cross Section: Section 6. Pelvis, Perineum, Hip, and Upper Thigh
Ronald A. Bergman, Ph.D., Adel K. Afifi, M.D., Jean J. Jew, M.D., and Paul
C. Reimann, B.S.
Peer Review Status: Externally Peer Reviewed
Upper Left Quadrant |
Lower Left Quadrant |
Lower Right Quadrant |
Upper Right Quadrant |
1. Tendon m. rectus abdominis |
16. Levator ani m. |
25. Anal crease |
35. Gluteus medius m. |
This section passes through the pubic symphysis (54, 57), obturator foramen (10, 45), ischial tuberosities (20, 29), urethra (56), vagina (55), and rectum (24).
The femoral nerve is breaking up into its muscular and cutaneous branches. The muscular supply includes, among others, the sartorius (7, 47), pectineus (5, 52), and rectus femoris (9, 44) muscles, which are seen at this level.
On the lateral sides of the vagina (55), the uterovaginal plexus of veins (50) and the pudendal and vesical plexus of veins (2) are seen. They drain into the internal iliac veins.
The obturator internus (15) and externus (14) muscles can be seen arising (in part) from opposite sides of the obturator foramen (10).
Note the tendons of the two rectus abdominis muscles (1) extending between the pubic tubercles (3, 53). Each muscle will insert on the superior ramus of the pubis, the ventral surface of the symphysis, and the linea alba.
The ischiorectal fossae (23, 26) containing fat are seen.
The pudendal canals (22, 27) contain the pudendal nerves, which divide within the canals into their terminal branches, the inferior rectal (hemorrhoidal) nerves, dorsal nerve of the clitoris, and pudendal nerve. In addition, the canals contain the internal pudendal artery and vein and their branches.
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